NATIONAL POLICY FOR NEW RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION (EBTKE) IN INDONESIA

BACKGROUND

The Use of New and Renewable Energy is the solution to the problem of finite Natural Resources, especially fossil energy resources in Indonesia. According to information from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM), Indonesia’s oil reserves will only be available for the next 9.5 years1, while the Indonesia’s natural gas reserves are estimated at 19.9 years. Indonesia’s coal reserves will only last for the next 56 years. 2 The problem of this limited natural resources have influenced policies regarding the increased use of Renewable Energy and are viewed by the present government as the best available solution.

 

NEW RENEWABLE ENERGY AND ENERGY CONSERVATION NATIONAL POLICY

On December 17, 2019, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources issued an explanation regarding national policies regarding New Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation (EBTKE). The targets for the national energy general plan are benchmarked as follows: 3

1. Realization in 2018
2. Generators: 62,6 GW.
3. Energy Consumption: 0.8 TOE/cap.
4. Electricity Consumption: 1,064 Kwh/cap.
5. Target for 2025
6. Generator: 115 GW.
7. Energy Consumption: 1.4 TOE/cap.
8. Electricity Consumption: 2500 Kwh/cap.
9. Target by 2050
10. Generator: 430 GW.
11. Energy Consumption: 3.2 TOE/cap.
12. Electricity Consumption: 7000 Kwh/cap.

 

Meanwhile, the ratio of renewable energy as opposed to the potential energy that could be generated, owned and used by Indonesia is as follows: 4

1. Geothermal
2. Potential: 25.4 GW.
3. Realization of PTLP: 1,949 GW (0.44%).
4. Bioenergy
5. Potential: 32, 6 GW.
6. Realization of PLT Bio: 1.859 GW (0.42%).
7. Solar power
8. Potential of PLTS: 207, 8 GWp.
9. Realization of PLTS: 0.15 GWp (0.07%).
10. And others.

 

One can clearly see that reusable energy generation accounts to a small percentage of its full potential in Indonesia. Based on the data above, some strategies to accelerate the development of EBTKE that can be taken are as follows: 5

1. Support the implementation of PT PLN (Persero) RUPTL 2019-2028.
2. Creating new energy markets in the form of synergy between BUMN, Ministries/Institutions and Local Governments.

3. Developing Biofuel and Green fuel.
4. Developing methods for procuring PLT EBT at competitive prices, efficient technology access and competitive funding.
5. Revise laws and regulations to support the development of EBT.

 

CONCLUSION

This national policy regarding new renewable energy and energy conservation would be the best solution to the problem of limited natural resources owned by Indonesia, especially in supporting strategic sector needs. In addition, it is hoped that this policy will stimulate new and renewable energy in Indonesia to increase efficiencies. This potential must be maximally utilized to meet the target of realizing NRE use, namely 27% in 2025 and 31% in 2050. (FMP)

 

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1 Dilihat dari Arsip Berita Kementerian ESDM, Siaran Pers Nomor: 028.Pers/04/SJI/2021 tanggal 19 Januari 2021, https://www.esdm.go.id/id/media-center/arsip-berita/menteri-esdm-cadangan-minyak-indonesia-tersedia-untuk-95-tahun-dan-cadangan-gas-199-tahun, Rabu, 21 April 2021, pukul 10.20 Wib.

2 Downloaded from Arsip Berita Kementerian ESDM, Cadangan Batubara Indonesia Sebesar 26 Miliar Ton, https://www.esdm.go.id/id/media-center/news-archives/cadangan-batubara-indonesia-sebesar-26-miliar-ton, Rabu, 21 April 2021, on 10.21 Jakarta Time

3 Dilihat dari Outlook Kebijakan Nasional Energi Baru Terbarukan dan Konservasi Energi (EBTKE) tanggal 17 Desember 2019, hlm. 16.

4 Ibid., hlm. 17.

5 Ibid., hlm. 30.